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Richard Zou 8f4f8425d0 [torch.compile] Add compile-only mode
Summary
=======

This PR is on the way to overlapping torch.compile and weight loading. See [design doc]([https://docs.google.com/document/d/1hssZeQv_lJlKqOr0vfpoqEUNn4ASGHVRB9a49yhcY6E/edit?tab=t.0](https://docs.google.com/document/d/1hssZeQv_lJlKqOr0vfpoqEUNn4ASGHVRB9a49yhcY6E/edit?tab=t.0)) and [proof-of-concept PR](https://github.com/vllm-project/vllm/pull/36072) and [RFC](https://github.com/vllm-project/vllm/issues/34956)

- Adds `vllm compile <model> [options]` CLI command and `vllm.compile_model()` Python API
- These APIs populate vLLM's torch.compile cache and do nothing else. A subsequent `vllm serve` call can read from the cache and perform a warm start.
- They also use minimal GPU memory. This is accomplished through a combination of using FakeTensors (tensors with no storage that report device correctly) and Meta tensors (tensors with no storage that report device="meta"). Note that there is still some minimal GPU memory allocation (< 10 Mb, from GPUModelRunner runtime buffers), I did not go track down all of it, but I'm also not sure it matters.
- In the future we can extend "vllm compile" to more than just torch.compile; for example, if vLLM uses triton kernels, or JIT'ed flashinfer kernels, `vllm compile` may also just compile those and saved the compiled artifacts somewhere.

How it works
============
- `FakeModelLoader` wraps the real model loader. It initializes weights on `meta` device and runs weight post-processing on meta tensors.
- Before torch.compile tracing, `swap_meta_params_to_fake()` converts meta params to FakeTensors. This is required so that torch.compile sees Tensors with the correct devices.
- In theory we should also get the FakeModelLoader to give us FakeTensors, but FakeTensors do not yet support the type of Tensor subclasses that vLLM uses.
- We raise the `CompilationDone` exception after cache artifacts are saved to avoid executing with fake tensors. (calling torch.compile performs both the compilation and an initial run of invoking the compiled artifact with the inputs)
- `EngineCore` early-returns after `compile_or_warm_up_model`, skipping KV cache allocation, scheduler, and sampler setup

Test plan
=========
- Added tests for compile_only cold start followed by a warm start. The tests verify that the compile_only cold start uses no GPU memory, and the warm start does end up reading from the cache.

Future work
===========
In the following order:
- add an option to overlap torch.compile and weight loading. The main process will do weight loading while spawning a new process to do compile-only work (that does not use gpu memory)
- Extend this design to more weight loading schemes. For example, we currently support no weight processing. This will involve getting the additional weight processing to support meta tensors.

Signed-off-by: Richard Zou <zou3519@gmail.com>
2026-03-31 19:23:55 -07:00
..
2026-03-25 10:22:54 -07:00