561 lines
21 KiB
C++
561 lines
21 KiB
C++
#include <iostream>
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#include <vector>
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#include <string>
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#include <algorithm>
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#include <random>
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#include <ctime>
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#include <map>
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#include <iomanip>
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using namespace std;
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// --- 定義遊戲常數與列舉 ---
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enum CardType {
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COLOR_CARD,
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JOKER,
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PLUS_2,
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LAST_ROUND_CARD
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};
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// 7種顏色
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enum Color {
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BROWN = 0, BLUE, GRAY, GREEN, ORANGE, PINK, YELLOW, NONE
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};
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const string COLOR_NAMES[] = {
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"Brown", "Blue", "Gray", "Green", "Orange", "Pink", "Yellow", "None"
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};
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// 分數表 (對應 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6+ 張牌的分數)
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const int SCORE_TABLE[] = {0, 1, 3, 6, 10, 15, 21};
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struct Card {
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CardType type;
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Color color;
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// 顯示卡片資訊
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string toString() const {
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if (type == LAST_ROUND_CARD) return "[LAST ROUND]";
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if (type == PLUS_2) return "[+2]";
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if (type == JOKER) return "[Joker]";
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return "[" + COLOR_NAMES[color] + "]";
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}
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};
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// --- 玩家類別 ---
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class Player {
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public:
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int id;
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bool isHuman;
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bool hasTakenRow; // 本回合是否已拿牌
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vector<Card> hand;
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Player(int _id, bool _human) : id(_id), isHuman(_human), hasTakenRow(false) {}
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// 計算分數
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int calculateScore() const {
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map<Color, int> colorCounts;
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int jokerCount = 0;
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int plus2Count = 0;
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for (const auto& card : hand) {
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if (card.type == COLOR_CARD) colorCounts[card.color]++;
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else if (card.type == JOKER) jokerCount++;
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else if (card.type == PLUS_2) plus2Count++;
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}
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// 簡單的貪婪演算法分配 Joker：
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// 每次將 Joker 分配給「能獲得最大分數增益」的顏色
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// 如果該顏色已達 6 張(21分)，則不再增加效益，改分配給其他顏色
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for (int i = 0; i < jokerCount; i++) {
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Color bestColor = NONE;
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int maxGain = -1;
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// 嘗試加到現有的顏色堆中
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for (auto const& [color, count] : colorCounts) {
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int currentScore = (count >= 6) ? 21 : SCORE_TABLE[count];
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int nextScore = (count + 1 >= 6) ? 21 : SCORE_TABLE[count + 1];
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int gain = nextScore - currentScore;
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if (gain > maxGain) {
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maxGain = gain;
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bestColor = color;
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}
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}
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// 如果沒有顏色牌，或者加新顏色(從0變1得1分)效益更好
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if (maxGain < 1) {
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// 這裡簡化處理：若效益小於1(通常是現有牌都滿6張)，
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// 實際上應該創造一個新顏色堆，但這裡我們假設 Joker 加到任意堆
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// 為了程式邏輯簡單，我們找一個目前數量最少的顏色加進去，或是視為新顏色
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// 在此邏輯下，直接視為一個新顏色(1分)
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// 為了實作方便，我們不修改 map key，只記錄分數即可，但為了顯示正確，我們需要模擬
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// 這裡暫時不實作極端複雜的 Joker 分配，採用:
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// "優先補滿未滿6張的最高分堆，若都滿則開新堆"
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// 簡化版：直接加到第一種顏色，計分邏輯會在後面排序處理
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if (colorCounts.empty()) {
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// 沒牌時隨便選個顏色當作 Joker 變成的顏色
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colorCounts[BROWN]++;
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} else {
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// 加到目前張數最多但 < 6 的堆，若都 >=6 則隨便加
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Color target = colorCounts.begin()->first;
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int maxC = -1;
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for(auto const& [c, count] : colorCounts){
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if(count < 6 && count > maxC) { maxC = count; target = c; }
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}
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colorCounts[target]++;
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}
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} else {
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colorCounts[bestColor]++;
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}
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}
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// 計算各顏色分數並排序
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vector<int> scores;
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for (auto const& [color, count] : colorCounts) {
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scores.push_back((count >= 6) ? 21 : SCORE_TABLE[count]);
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}
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// 補齊不足 7 種顏色為 0 分，方便排序
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while(scores.size() < 7) scores.push_back(0);
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// 由大到小排序
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sort(scores.rbegin(), scores.rend());
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int totalScore = 0;
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// 前三高分為正分
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for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) totalScore += scores[i];
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// 其餘為負分
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for (int i = 3; i < scores.size(); i++) totalScore -= scores[i];
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// 加上 +2 卡
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totalScore += (plus2Count * 2);
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return totalScore;
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}
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void printHand() const {
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cout << "P" << id << (isHuman ? "(YOU)" : "(BOT)") << " Hand: ";
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if (hand.empty()) {
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cout << "Empty";
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} else {
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// 整理顯示，例如: Blue:3, Green:1, +2:1...
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map<string, int> summary;
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for(const auto& c : hand) summary[c.toString()]++;
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for(const auto& item : summary) {
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cout << item.first << "x" << item.second << " ";
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}
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}
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cout << " | Current Est. Score: " << calculateScore() << endl;
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}
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};
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// --- 遊戲控制類別 ---
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class ColorettoGame {
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private:
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int numPlayers;
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vector<Player> players;
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vector<Card> deck;
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vector<vector<Card>> rows; // 場上的牌列
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bool lastRoundTriggered;
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bool isGameEnded;
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int startPlayerIndex;
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// 初始化牌堆
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void initDeck() {
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deck.clear();
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// 7種顏色，每種9張
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for (int i = 0; i < 7; i++) {
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// 3人遊戲時移除一種顏色(依規則)，但作業預設4人，此處寫通用邏輯
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if (numPlayers == 3 && i == 6) break;
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for (int j = 0; j < 9; j++) {
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deck.push_back({COLOR_CARD, (Color)i});
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}
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}
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// +2卡 10張
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for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) deck.push_back({PLUS_2, NONE});
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// Joker 3張
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for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) deck.push_back({JOKER, NONE});
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shuffleDeck();
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// 插入「最後回合卡」至倒數第16張
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if (deck.size() >= 16) {
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deck.insert(deck.end() - 15, {LAST_ROUND_CARD, NONE});
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}
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}
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void shuffleDeck() {
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random_device rd;
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mt19937 g(rd());
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shuffle(deck.begin(), deck.end(), g);
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}
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// 發初始手牌
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void dealInitialCards() {
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cout << "\n--- Dealing Initial Cards ---\n";
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vector<Color> usedColors;
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for (auto& p : players) {
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bool valid = false;
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// 尋找一張符合條件的牌 (變色龍牌，且顏色不重複)
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// 這裡為了簡單，直接遍歷牌堆找，找到就移出
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for (auto it = deck.begin(); it != deck.end(); ++it) {
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if (it->type == COLOR_CARD) {
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bool colorUsed = false;
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for(Color c : usedColors) if(c == it->color) colorUsed = true;
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if (!colorUsed) {
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p.hand.push_back(*it);
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usedColors.push_back(it->color);
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deck.erase(it);
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valid = true;
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break;
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}
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}
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}
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// 理論上牌堆剛開始一定夠，不做例外處理
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}
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}
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public:
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ColorettoGame() : lastRoundTriggered(false), isGameEnded(false), startPlayerIndex(0) {
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srand(time(0));
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}
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void setup(int n) {
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numPlayers = n;
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players.clear();
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rows.clear();
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rows.resize(numPlayers); // 列數等於玩家數
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// 建立玩家，P1 為人類
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players.push_back(Player(1, true));
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for (int i = 2; i <= numPlayers; i++) {
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players.push_back(Player(i, false));
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}
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initDeck();
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dealInitialCards();
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startPlayerIndex = rand() % numPlayers; // 隨機起始玩家
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}
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// 抽一張牌，處理 Last Round 邏輯
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Card drawCard() {
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if (deck.empty()) return {LAST_ROUND_CARD, NONE}; // 防禦性編程
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Card c = deck.front();
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deck.erase(deck.begin());
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if (c.type == LAST_ROUND_CARD) {
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cout << "\n!!! LAST ROUND CARD DRAWN !!! The game will end after this round.\n";
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lastRoundTriggered = true;
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// 規則：抽到最後回合卡，該玩家重抽一張
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if (deck.empty()) return c; // 沒牌了就只能停
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return drawCard();
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}
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return c;
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}
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void printBoard() {
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cout << "\n================ BOARD STATE ================\n";
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cout << "Deck remaining: " << deck.size() << " cards\n";
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if (lastRoundTriggered) cout << "WARNING: This is the LAST ROUND!\n";
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cout << "\n--- Rows ---\n";
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for (int i = 0; i < numPlayers; i++) {
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cout << "Row " << (i + 1) << ": ";
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if (rows[i].empty()) {
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// 如果該列已被拿走 (標記邏輯：這裡我們用特殊的空狀態表示)
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// 但為了簡單，我們可以用一個變數紀錄列是否被拿走
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// 在此實作中，我們檢查 rows[i] 是否空。
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// *注意*：規則是拿走列後，列變空，玩家退出回合。
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// 為了區分「剛開始空」和「被拿走」，我們需要邏輯判斷。
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// 這裡簡化：顯示內容即可。只有當有人要拿牌時才判斷是否為空。
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cout << "(Empty)";
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} else {
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for (const auto& card : rows[i]) {
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cout << card.toString() << " ";
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}
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}
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// 檢查這列是否還能放 (最多3張)
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if (rows[i].size() >= 3) cout << " [FULL]";
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cout << endl;
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}
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cout << "\n--- Players ---\n";
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for (const auto& p : players) {
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cout << (p.hasTakenRow ? "[OUT] " : "[IN] ");
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p.printHand();
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}
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cout << "=============================================\n";
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}
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// 檢查是否所有人都拿完牌了
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bool isRoundOver() {
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for (const auto& p : players) {
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if (!p.hasTakenRow) return false;
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}
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return true;
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}
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// 執行一個回合
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void playRound() {
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// 重置玩家狀態和場上的列
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for (auto& p : players) p.hasTakenRow = false;
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for (auto& r : rows) r.clear(); // 清空場上的牌
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int currentPlayerIdx = startPlayerIndex;
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cout << "\n>>> NEW ROUND START! Player " << players[currentPlayerIdx].id << " goes first. <<<\n";
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while (!isRoundOver()) {
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Player& currP = players[currentPlayerIdx];
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// 如果該玩家已經拿過牌，跳過
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if (currP.hasTakenRow) {
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currentPlayerIdx = (currentPlayerIdx + 1) % numPlayers;
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continue;
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}
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// 顯示盤面 (只在人類回合前顯示，避免洗版，或每步都顯示)
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if (currP.isHuman) printBoard();
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// --- 動作選擇 ---
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// 判斷可用動作
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bool canDraw = (deck.size() > 0);
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// 檢查是否所有列都滿了，如果全滿就不能抽牌
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bool allRowsFull = true;
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bool allRowsEmptyOrTaken = true; // 用於檢查能不能拿牌
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// 檢查列的狀態
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// 這裡有個細節：被拿走的列在程式邏輯中是空的，但不能再放牌。
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// 為了簡化，我們需要知道哪些列是「此回合已被拿走」的。
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// 由於規則：拿走列的人就退出了。所以剩下的玩家面對的列一定是「還沒被拿走的」。
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// 但剩下的列可能是空的。
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// 修正：我們需要一個狀態來標記 Row 是否被拿走嗎？
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// 實際上，剩餘玩家人數 = 剩餘未被拿走的列數。
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// 所以只要列還沒滿(3張)，且還有人在場，就可以抽牌。
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// 簡化判定：只要有任一列牌數 < 3，就可以抽牌放置。
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allRowsFull = true;
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for(const auto& r : rows) {
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// 這邊有個邏輯問題：如果不追蹤哪個列屬於哪個被拿走的，會很難判斷。
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// Coloretto 規則：每位玩家拿走一列。列的數量 = 玩家數量。
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// 所以，如果 rows[i] 被拿走了，我們應該將其鎖定。
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// 為了方便，我們用一個 vector<bool> rowTaken 來記錄本回合狀態。
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}
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// 我們需要在 playRound 內部維護 rowTaken
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}
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}
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// 為了邏輯清晰，重寫 playRound 流程控制
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void gameLoop() {
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while (!isGameEnded) {
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// --- 回合初始化 ---
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for (auto& r : rows) r.clear();
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for (auto& p : players) p.hasTakenRow = false;
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vector<bool> rowTaken(numPlayers, false); // 紀錄哪些列被拿走了
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int playersOutCount = 0;
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int currentPlayerIdx = startPlayerIndex;
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cout << "\n>>> NEW ROUND START! <<<\n";
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// --- 回合行動迴圈 ---
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while (playersOutCount < numPlayers) {
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Player& currP = players[currentPlayerIdx];
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// 若玩家已出局，換下一位
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if (currP.hasTakenRow) {
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currentPlayerIdx = (currentPlayerIdx + 1) % numPlayers;
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continue;
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}
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if(currP.isHuman) printBoard();
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// 檢查合法動作
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// 1. 抽牌: 牌堆有牌 AND 至少有一列沒被拿走且沒滿
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bool canDraw = !deck.empty();
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bool anyRowPlaceable = false;
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for(int i=0; i<numPlayers; i++) {
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if (!rowTaken[i] && rows[i].size() < 3) anyRowPlaceable = true;
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}
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if (!anyRowPlaceable) canDraw = false;
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// 2. 拿牌: 至少有一列沒被拿走且裡面有牌 (規則: 不能拿空列，除非全都是空列且無法執行動作? 不，規則說選擇收集時區域至少要有一張)
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bool canTake = false;
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for(int i=0; i<numPlayers; i++) {
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if (!rowTaken[i] && rows[i].size() > 0) canTake = true;
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}
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// 強制邏輯：如果不能抽牌（例如全滿），必須拿牌。
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// 如果不能拿牌（全都空），必須抽牌。
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int action = 0; // 1: Draw, 2: Take
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if (currP.isHuman) {
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cout << "\nPlayer " << currP.id << " (YOU), choose action:\n";
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if (canDraw) cout << "1. Draw a card\n";
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if (canTake) cout << "2. Take a row\n";
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while(true) {
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cout << "> ";
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if (!(cin >> action)) { cin.clear(); cin.ignore(1000, '\n'); continue; }
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if (action == 1 && canDraw) break;
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if (action == 2 && canTake) break;
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cout << "Invalid action. Try again.\n";
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}
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} else {
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// 電腦 AI
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// 簡單隨機：如果能做就隨機選，若只能做一種就做那種
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vector<int> possibleActions;
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if (canDraw) possibleActions.push_back(1);
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if (canTake) possibleActions.push_back(2);
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action = possibleActions[rand() % possibleActions.size()];
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cout << "Player " << currP.id << " (Bot) chooses action " << action << endl;
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}
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// --- 執行動作 ---
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if (action == 1) {
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// 抽牌
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Card c = drawCard();
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cout << "Draws: " << c.toString() << endl;
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// 選擇放哪一列
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int rowIdx = -1;
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if (currP.isHuman) {
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cout << "Select a row to place card (";
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for(int i=0; i<numPlayers; i++) {
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if(!rowTaken[i] && rows[i].size() < 3) cout << (i+1) << " ";
|
||
}
|
||
cout << "): ";
|
||
while(true) {
|
||
if(cin >> rowIdx) {
|
||
rowIdx--; // 轉 0-base
|
||
if (rowIdx >= 0 && rowIdx < numPlayers && !rowTaken[rowIdx] && rows[rowIdx].size() < 3) break;
|
||
} else { cin.clear(); cin.ignore(1000, '\n'); }
|
||
cout << "Invalid row. Must be not taken and not full (<3). Try again: ";
|
||
}
|
||
} else {
|
||
// AI 隨機放
|
||
vector<int> validRows;
|
||
for(int i=0; i<numPlayers; i++) {
|
||
if (!rowTaken[i] && rows[i].size() < 3) validRows.push_back(i);
|
||
}
|
||
rowIdx = validRows[rand() % validRows.size()];
|
||
cout << "Bot places card in Row " << (rowIdx + 1) << endl;
|
||
}
|
||
rows[rowIdx].push_back(c);
|
||
|
||
} else {
|
||
// 拿牌
|
||
int rowIdx = -1;
|
||
if (currP.isHuman) {
|
||
cout << "Select a row to take (";
|
||
for(int i=0; i<numPlayers; i++) {
|
||
if(!rowTaken[i] && rows[i].size() > 0) cout << (i+1) << " ";
|
||
}
|
||
cout << "): ";
|
||
while(true) {
|
||
if(cin >> rowIdx) {
|
||
rowIdx--;
|
||
if (rowIdx >= 0 && rowIdx < numPlayers && !rowTaken[rowIdx] && rows[rowIdx].size() > 0) break;
|
||
} else { cin.clear(); cin.ignore(1000, '\n'); }
|
||
cout << "Invalid row. Must be not taken and have cards. Try again: ";
|
||
}
|
||
} else {
|
||
// AI 隨機拿
|
||
vector<int> validRows;
|
||
for(int i=0; i<numPlayers; i++) {
|
||
if (!rowTaken[i] && rows[i].size() > 0) validRows.push_back(i);
|
||
}
|
||
rowIdx = validRows[rand() % validRows.size()];
|
||
cout << "Bot takes Row " << (rowIdx + 1) << endl;
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
// 執行拿牌邏輯
|
||
cout << "Player " << currP.id << " took Row " << (rowIdx + 1) << " with " << rows[rowIdx].size() << " cards.\n";
|
||
currP.hand.insert(currP.hand.end(), rows[rowIdx].begin(), rows[rowIdx].end());
|
||
rowTaken[rowIdx] = true; // 標記該列被拿走
|
||
currP.hasTakenRow = true; // 玩家退出本回合
|
||
playersOutCount++;
|
||
|
||
// 最後一個拿牌的成為下回合起始玩家
|
||
if (playersOutCount == numPlayers) {
|
||
startPlayerIndex = currentPlayerIdx;
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
// 換下一位
|
||
currentPlayerIdx = (currentPlayerIdx + 1) % numPlayers;
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
// 回合結束檢查
|
||
if (lastRoundTriggered) {
|
||
isGameEnded = true;
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
finalScoring();
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
void finalScoring() {
|
||
cout << "\n\n================ GAME OVER ================\n";
|
||
cout << "Calculating scores...\n";
|
||
|
||
// 用 pair 存 (分數, 玩家ID) 以便排序
|
||
vector<pair<int, int>> rank;
|
||
|
||
for (const auto& p : players) {
|
||
int score = p.calculateScore();
|
||
rank.push_back({score, p.id});
|
||
cout << "Player " << p.id << (p.isHuman ? " (YOU)" : " (Bot)") << " Hand:\n";
|
||
// 顯示最終手牌統計
|
||
map<string, int> summary;
|
||
for(const auto& c : p.hand) summary[c.toString()]++;
|
||
for(const auto& item : summary) cout << " " << item.first << " x" << item.second;
|
||
cout << "\n -> Final Score: " << score << "\n\n";
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
sort(rank.rbegin(), rank.rend());
|
||
|
||
cout << "--- FINAL STANDINGS ---\n";
|
||
for (int i = 0; i < rank.size(); i++) {
|
||
cout << (i+1) << ". Player " << rank[i].second << " : " << rank[i].first << " points";
|
||
if (rank[i].second == 1) cout << " <--- YOU";
|
||
cout << endl;
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
};
|
||
|
||
int main() {
|
||
cout << "Welcome to Coloretto (C++ Version)!\n";
|
||
|
||
while(true) {
|
||
int numP = 4;
|
||
cout << "Enter number of players (3-5) [Default 4]: ";
|
||
if (cin >> numP) {
|
||
if (numP < 3 || numP > 5) numP = 4;
|
||
} else {
|
||
cin.clear(); cin.ignore(1000, '\n');
|
||
numP = 4;
|
||
}
|
||
cout << "Starting game with " << numP << " players (1 Human vs " << (numP-1) << " Bots).\n";
|
||
|
||
ColorettoGame game;
|
||
game.setup(numP);
|
||
game.gameLoop();
|
||
|
||
cout << "\nPlay again? (y/n): ";
|
||
char c;
|
||
cin >> c;
|
||
if (c != 'y' && c != 'Y') break;
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
return 0;
|
||
} |